9727c683f6
2!,,Feb,,2012,,For,,readers,,w/1st-4th,,printings:,,Appendices,,C,,&,,D,,(PDF),,"There,,has,,been,,lot,,of,,good,,buzz,,around,,Wesley,,Chun's,,Core,,Python,,Programming.,,After,,you,,learn,,the,,core,,fundamentals,,of,,Python,,,he,,shows,,you,,what,,you,,can,,do,,with,,your,,new,,skills,,,delving,,into,,advanced,,topics,,,such,,as,,regular,,expressions,,,networking,,programming,,with,,sockets,,,multithreading,,,GUI,,development,,,Web/CGI,,programming,,and,,extending,,Python,,in,,C.,,,,C1,,2,,,,CC,,C0,,C,,VIP,,.,,,,,234,,,.,,,Core,,,,PYTHON,,,,Programming,,,,,2nd,,,,Edition,,,,(pdf,,,,,Python,,,,2.5),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,

No,,computer,,science,,background,,is,,necessary.,,As,,an,,aside,,,do,,you,,know,,how,,after,,learning,,a,,new,,language,,,it,,takes,,several,,months,,to,,really,,"feel,,comfortable",,enough,,to,,*not*,,pick,,up,,a,,book,,in,,order,,to,,start,,coding?,,My,,goal,,is,,to,,reduce,,that,,time,,to,,as,,short,,as,,possible,,while,,providing,,the,,reader,,a,,comprehensive,,understanding,,of,,that,,relationship,,between,,Python,,types,,and,,its,,memory,,model,,that,,I,,just,,described,,above.,,Core,,,python,,,programming.pdf,,,Core,,,python,,,programming.pdf,,,,,,gengwg,,,2119,,,0,,,,,,,,,2010-04-23,,,,,,,,,IT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming1CorePythonProgrammingWesleyJ.ChunPublisher:PrenticeHallPTRFirstEditionDecember14,2000ISBN:0-13-026036-3,816pagesIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming2IT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming3ReviewNewtoPython?Thisisthedeveloper'sguidetoPythondevelopment!LearnthecorefeaturesofPythonaswellasadvancedtopicssuchasregularexpressions,multithreadedprogramming,Web/Internetandnetworkdevelopment,GUIdevelopmentwithTk(inter)andmoreAlsoincludesfeaturesfoundinthenewPython1.6and2.0releasesCD-ROM:CompletePythondistributions(sourcecode,documentation,andvariousbinaries)plusallexamplescriptsinthebookPythonisanInternetandsystemsprogramminglanguagethatissoaringinpopularityintoday'sfast-pacedsoftwaredevelopmentenvironment,andnowonder:it'ssimple(yetrobust),object-oriented(yetcanbeusedasaprocedurallanguage),extensible,scalableandfeaturesaneasytolearnsyntaxthatisclearandconcise.PythoncombinesthepowerofacompiledobjectlanguagelikeJavaandC withtheeaseofuseandrapiddevelopmenttimeofascriptinglanguage.Infact,itssyntaxissoeasytounderstandthatyouaremorelikelytopickitupfasterthananyoftheotherpopularscriptinglanguagesinusetoday!InCorePythonProgramming,InternetsoftwareengineerandtechnicaltrainerWesleyChunprovidesintermediateandexperienceddevelopersalltheyneedtoknowtolearnPython-fast.LikeallCoreSeriesbooks,CorePythonProgrammingdelivershundredsofindustrial-strengthcodesnippetsandexamples,alltargetedatprofessionaldeveloperswhowanttoleveragetheirexistingskills!Inparticular,CorePythonProgrammingpresentsnumerousinteractiveexamplesthatcanbeenteredintothePythoninterpreterrightinfrontofyou!Finally,wepresentachapterthatshowsyoustep-by-stephowtoextendPythonusingCorC .PythonsyntaxandstyleDevelopmentandRun-timeEnvironmentsObjectsandPythonmemorymanagementStandarddatatypes,methods,andoperatorsLoopsandconditionalsIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming4FilesandInput/OutputExceptionsanderrorhandlingFunctions,scope,arguments,andfunctionalprogrammingImportingmodulesandmoduleattributesObject-orientedProgrammingwithclasses,methods,andinstancesCallableObjectsExtendingPythonCoverageofthePythonstandardmodulelibraryandclient-serverapplicationdevelopmentincludescomprehensiveintroductionstothefollowingtopicsinPythonprogramming:RegularexpressionsTCP/IPandUDP/IPNetworkprogrammingusingsocketsOperatingsysteminterfaceGUIdevelopmentwithTkusingTkinterMultithreadedprogrammingInteractiveWeb/CGI/InternetapplicationsExecutingcodeinarestrictedenvironmentInheritance,typeemulation,operatoroverloading,anddelegationinanOOPenvironmentFinally,weprovideanintroductiontothenewfeaturesintroducedinPython1.6.TheseincludeUnicodestringsupport,thenewfunctioninvocationsyntaxwhichletsthecallerprovideatupleofpositionalargumentsand/oradictionaryofkeywordarguments,andthenewstringmethods.Wealsoprovideaglimpseintofeaturesthatwillonlybefoundinthenewer2.0release.EveryCoreSeriesbook:DEMONSTRATEShowtowritecommercial-qualitycodeFEATURESdozensofprogramsandexamples!FOCUSESonthefeaturesandfunctionsmostimportanttorealdevelopersPROVIDESobjective,unbiasedcoverageofcutting-edgetechnologies-noIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming5hype!CorePythonProgrammingdelivers:CoverageofthecorepartsofthePythonlanguageReal-worldinsightsfordevelopingWeb/Internet,network,multithreadedandGUIapplicationsTablesandchartsdetailingPythonmodules,built-infunctions,operators,andattributesCodesnippetstotrylivewithPython'sinteractiveinterpreter,hammeringtheconceptshomeExtensivecodeexamples-includingseveralcompletesampleapplicationsCD-ROMincludescompletePythonsourcecodeanddocumentationdistributionsforUnix/LinuxalongwithbinariesforWindowsandMacintoshplatformsplussourcecodeforallexamplesinthebook.IT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming6LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDateChun,WesleyCorepython/Wesley.Chun.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN0-13-026036-31.Python(Computerprogramlanguage)I.TitleQA76.73.P98C482000005.13'3–dc2100-047856IT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming7CopyrightInformation2001PrenticeHallPTRPrentice-Hall,IncUpperSaddleRiver,NJ07458Thepublisheroffersdiscountsonthisbookwhenorderedinbulkquantities.Formoreinformation,contactCorporateSalesDepartment,PrenticeHallPTROneLakeStreetUpperSaddleRiver,NJ07458Phone:800-382-3419;FAX:201-236-7141E-mail(Internet):corpsalesprenhall.comAllproductsorservicesmentionedhereinarethetrademarksorservicemarksoftheirrespectivecompaniesororganizations.Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproduced,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisherPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica10987654321Prentice-HallInternational(UK)Limited,LondonPrentice-HallofAustraliaPty.Limited,SydneyPrentice-HallCanadaInc.,TorontoPrentice-HallHispanoamericana,S.A.,MexicoPrentice-HallofIndiaPrivateLimited,NewDelhiPrentice-HallofJapan,Inc.,TokyoPearsonEducationP.T.E.,Ltd.Tomyparents,whotaughtmethateverybodyisdifferent.IT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming8Andtomywife,wholiveswithsomeonewhoisdifferent.IT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming9TableofContentsWelcometoPython!Style:Technical,YetEasyReadingAuthor'sExperiencewithPythonBookContentsPartI:CorePythonChapter1WelcometoPython!Chapter2GettingStartedChapter3SyntaxandStyleChapter4PythonObjectsChapter5NumbersChapter6Sequences:Strings,Lists,andTuplesChapter7DictionariesChapter8ConditionalsandLoopsChapter9FilesandInput/OutputChapter10ErrorsandExceptionsChapter11FunctionsChapter12ModulesChapter13ClassesandOOPChapter14ExecutionEnvironmentPartII:AdvancedTopicsChapter15RegularExpressionsChapter16NetworkProgrammingwithSocketsChapter17MultithreadedProgrammingChapter18GUIProgrammingwithTkinterChapter19WebProgrammingChapter20ExtendingPythonOptionalSectionsConventionsBookSupportAcknowledgementsI:COREPYTHON1.WelcometoPython!WhatIsPython?HistoryofPythonFeaturesofPythonObtainingPythonObtainingPythonInstallingPythonRunningPythonPythonDocumentationComparingPythonJPythonandSomeNomenclatureExercises2.GettingStartedProgramOutput,theprintStatement,and"HelloWorld!"ProgramInputandtherawinput()Built-inFunctionIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming10CommentsOperatorsVariablesandAssignmentNumbersStringsListsandTuplesDictionariesCodeBlocksUseIndentationifStatementwhileLoopforLoopandtherange()Built-inFunctionFilesandtheopen()Built-inFunctionErrorsandExceptionsFunctionsClassesModulesExercises3.SyntaxandStyleStatementsandSyntaxVariableAssignmentIdentifiersBasicStyleGuidelinesMemoryManagementFirstPythonApplicationExercises4.PythonObjectsPythonObjectsStandardTypesOtherBuilt-inTypesInternalTypesStandardTypeOperatorsStandardTypeBuilt-inFunctionsCategorizingtheStandardTypesUnsupportedTypesExercises5.NumbersIntroductiontoNumbersIntegersFloatingPointRealNumbersComplexNumbersOperatorsBuilt-inFunctionsRelatedModulesExercises6.Sequences:Strings,Lists,andTuplesSequencesStringsStringsandOperatorsString-onlyOperatorsIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming11Built-inFunctionsStringBuilt-inMethodsSpecialFeaturesofStringsRelatedModulesSummaryofStringHighlightsListsOperatorsBuilt-inFunctionsListTypeBuilt-inMethodsSpecialFeaturesofListsTuplesTupleOperatorsandBuilt-inFunctionsSpecialFeaturesofTuplesRelatedModules*ShallowandDeepCopiesExercises7.DictionariesIntroductiontoDictionariesOperatorsBuilt-inFunctionsBuilt-inMethodsDictionaryKeysExercises8.ConditionalsandLoopsifstatementelseStatementelif(a.k.a.else-if)StatementwhileStatementforStatementbreakStatementcontinueStatementpassStatementelseStatementTakeTwoExercises9.FilesandInput/OutputFileObjectsFileBuilt-inFunction[open()]FileBuilt-inMethodsFileBuilt-inAttributesStandardFilesCommand-lineArgumentsFileSystemFileExecutionPersistentStorageModulesRelatedModulesExercises10.ErrorsAndExceptionsWhatAreExceptions?ExceptionsinPythonIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming12DetectingandHandlingExceptions*ExceptionsasStrings*ExceptionsasClassesRaisingExceptionsAssertionsStandardExceptions*CreatingExceptionsWhyExceptions(Now)?WhyExceptionsatAll?ExceptionsandthesysModuleRelatedModulesExercises11.FunctionsWhatAreFunctions?CallingFunctionsCreatingFunctionsPassingFunctionsFormalArgumentsPositionalArgumentsDefaultArgumentsWhyDefaultArguments?DefaultFunctionObjectArgumentExampleVariable-lengthArgumentsNon-keywordVariableArguments(Tuple)KeywordVariableArguments(Dictionary)CallingFunctionswithVariableArgumentObjectsFunctionalProgrammingAnonymousFunctionsandlambdaBuilt-inFunctions:apply(),filter(),map(),reduce()*apply()Lines1-4Lines6-7Lines9-28Lines30-41filter()map()reduce()VariableScope*RecursionExercises12.ModulesWhatareModules?ModulesandFilesNamespacesImportingModulesImportingModuleAttributesModuleBuilt-inFunctionsPackagesOtherFeaturesofModulesExercisesIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming1313.ClassesandOOPIntroductionObject-orientedProgrammingClassesClassAttributesInstancesInstanceAttributesBindingandMethodInvocationCompositionSubclassingandDerivationInheritanceBuilt-inFunctionsforClasses,Instances,andOtherObjectsTypevs.Classes/InstancesCustomizingClasseswithSpecialMethodsPrivacyDelegationRelatedModulesandDocumentationExercises14.ExecutionEnvironmentCallableObjectsCodeObjectsExecutableObjectStatementsandBuilt-inFunctionsExecutingOther(Python)ProgramsExecutingOther(Non-Python)ProgramsRestrictedExecutionTerminatingExecutionRelatedModulesExercisesII:AdvancedTopics15.RegularExpressionsIntroduction/MotivationSpecialSymbolsandCharactersforREsREsandPythonRegularExpressionAdventuresExercises16.NetworkProgrammingIntroductionSockets:CommunicationEndpointsNetworkProgramminginPythonRelatedModulesExercises17.MultithreadedProgrammingIntroduction/MotivationThreadsandProcessesThreadsandPythonthreadModulethreadingModuleExercisesIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming1418.GUIProgrammingwithTkinterIntroductionTkinterandPythonProgrammingTkinterExamplesRelatedModulesandOtherGUIsExercises19.WebProgrammingIntroductionWebSurfingwithPython:CreatingSimpleWebClientsAdvancedWebClientsCGI:HelpingWebServersProcessClientDataBuildingCGIApplicationAdvancedCGIWeb(HTTP)ServersRelatedModulesExercises20.ExtendingPythonIntroduction/MotivationRelatedTopicsExercisesA.AnswerstoSelectedExercisesB.OtherReadingandReferencesOtherPrintedReferencesOnlineReferencesC.PythonOperatorSummaryD.What'sNewinPython2.0?IT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming15WelcometoPython!WelcometothewonderfulworldofPython!Asaprofessionalorstudentwithworkingknowledgeofanotherhigh-levelprogramminglanguage,thistextwasmadeforyouinyoureffortstojumpstraightintoPythonwithaslittleoverheadaspossible.ThegoalofthisbookistoprovidetextthatflowsinaconversationalstylelitteredwithexamplestohighlightyourpathtowardsPythonprogramming.Atthetimeofpublication,Python2.0wasjustreleased,soyouwilldefinitelyhavethelatestandgreatest.ThesupplementaryCD-ROMhasthethreemostrecentversionsofPython:1.5.2,1.6,and2.0,nottomentionthemostrecentreleaseoftheJavaversionofthePythoninterpreter,JPython(a.k.a.Jython).Style:Technical,YetEasyReadingRatherthanstrictlya"beginners'"bookorapure,hard-corecomputersciencereferencebook,myinstructionalexperienceindicatesthataneasy-to-read,yettechnically-orientedbookservesourpurposethebest,andthatistogetyouup-to-speedonPythonasquicklyaspossible,sothatyoucanapplyittoyourtasksposthaste.Wewillintroduceconceptscoupledwithappropriateexamplestoexpeditethelearningprocess.Attheendofeachchapteryouwillfindnumerousexercisestoreinforcesomeoftheconceptsandideasacquiredinyourreading.AftertheobligatoryintroductiontoPython,butbeforeheadingtothecoreofthelanguage,wetakea"quickplunge"intoPythonwiththe"GettingStarted"chapter.TheintentionofthischapterisforthosewhowishtotemporarilydispenseofformalreadingandgettheirhandsdirtywithPythonimmediately.Ifyoudonotwishtotravelthispath,youmayproceedasnormaltothenextsetofchapters,anintroductiontoPythonobjects.Python'sprimitivedatatypes,numbers,strings,lists,tuples,anddictionariesmakeupthenextthreechapters.Python'serror-handlingcapabilityisextremelyusefultoboththeprogrammerandtheuser,andweaddressthattopicinaseparatechapter.Finally,thelargestpartsofthePython"core"wecoverwillbefunctions,modules,andclasseseachinitsownchapter.ThefinalchapterofthetextprovidesinsightonhowPythonmaybeextended.Thelastsectionofthebookisamini-referenceguideintheappendix.Therewespillthebeansonthecoremodulesofthestandardlibrary,highlighttheoperatorsandbuilt-inoperatorsandfunctionsforthePythontypes,providesolutionstoselectedexercises,andconcludewithasmallglossaryofterms.Author'sExperiencewithPythonIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming16IdiscoveredPythonseveralyearsagoatacompanycalledFour11.Atthetime,thecompanyhadonemajorproduct,theFour11.comWhitePagedirectoryservice.PythonwasbeingusedtodesigntheRocketmailweb-basedemailservicethatwouldeventuallyonedayevolveintowhatisYahoo!Mailtoday.InadditiontotheuseofC ,muchofthecontrollingsoftwareandwebfront-endweredonecompletelyinPython.IparticipatedinworkdoneontheYahoo!Mailaddressbookandspellchecker.Sincethen,Python'sappearancehasspreadtootherYahoo!sites,includingPeopleSearch,YellowPages,andMapsandDrivingDirections,justtonameafew.AlthoughPythonwasnewtomeatthetime,itwasfairlyeasytopickup;muchsimplerthanotherlanguagesthatIhavelearnedinthepast.ThescarcityofthenumberoftextbooksatthetimeledmetoprimarilyusetheLibraryReferenceandQuickReferenceGuideasmytoolsinlearning,andalsoledtothemotivationofthebookyouarereadingrightnow.BookContentsThisbookisdividedintotwomainsections.Thefirstpart,takingupabouttwo-thirdsofthetext,givesyoutreatmentofthe"core"partofthelanguage,andthesecondpartprovidesasetofvariousadvancedtopicstoshowwhatyoucanbuildusingPython.PythoniseverywheresometimesitisamazingtodiscoverwhoisusingPythonandwhattheyaredoingwithitandalthoughwewouldhavelovedtoproduceadditionalchaptersonsuchtopicsasDatabases(RDBMSs,SQL,etc.),CGIProcessingwithHTMLgen,XML,Numerical/ScientificProcessing,VisualandGraphicsImageManipulation,andZope,theresimplywasn'tenoughtimetodevelopthesetopicsintotheirownchapters.However,wearecertainlygladthatwewereatleastabletoprovideyouwithagoodintroductiontomanyofthekeyareasofPythondevelopment.Hereisachapter-by-chapterguide:PartI:CorePythonChapter1WelcometoPython!WebeginbyintroducingPythontoyou,itshistory,features,benefits,etc.,aswellashowtoobtainandinstallPythononyoursystem.Chapter2GettingStartedIfyouareanexperiencedprogrammerandjustwanttosee"howit'sdone"inPython,thisistherightplacetogo.WeintroducethebasicPythonconceptsandstatements,andbecausemanyofthesewouldbefamiliartoyou,youwouldsimplylearntheproperIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming17syntaxinPythonandcangetstartedrightawayonyourprojectswithoutsacrificingtoomuchreadingtime.Chapter3SyntaxandStyleThissectiongivesyouagoodoverviewofPython'ssyntaxaswellasstylehints.YouwillalsobeexposedtoPython'skeywordsanditsmemorymanagementability.YourfirstPythonapplicationwillbepresentedattheendofthechaptertogiveyouanideaofwhatrealPythoncodelookslike.Chapter4PythonObjectsThischapterintroducesPythonobjects.Inadditiontogenericobjectattributes,wewillshowyouallofPython'sdatatypesandoperators,aswellasshowyoudifferentwaystocategorizethestandardtypes.Built-infunctionsthatapplytomostPythonobjectswillalsobecovered.Chapter5NumbersPythonhasfournumerictypes:regularor"plain"integers,longintegers,floatingpointrealnumbers,andcomplexnumbers.Youwilllearnaboutallfourhere,aswellastheoperatorsandbuilt-infunctionsthatapplytonumbers.Chapter6Sequences:Strings,Lists,andTuplesYourfirstmeatychapterwillexposeyoutoallofPython'spowerfulsequencetypes:strings,lists,andtuples.Wewillshowyouallthebuilt-infunctions,methods,andspecialfeatures,whichapplytoeachtypeaswellasalltheiroperators.Chapter7DictionariesDictionariesarePython'smappingorhashingtype.Likeotherdatatypes,dictionariesalsohaveoperatorsandapplicablebuilt-infunctionsandmethods.Chapter8ConditionalsandLoopsLikemanyotherhigh-levellanguages,Pythonsupportsloopssuchasforandwhile,aswellasifstatements(andrelated).Pythonalsohasabuilt-infunctioncalledrange()whichenablesPython'sforlooptobehavemorelikeatraditionalcountingloopratherthan,,,,,,02119,,,,,,Core,,,python,,,programming.pdf,,,Core,,,python,,,programming.pdf,,,,,,gengwg,,,2119,,,0,,,,,,,,,2010-04-23,,,,,,,,,IT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming1CorePythonProgrammingWesleyJ.ChunPublisher:PrenticeHallPTRFirstEditionDecember14,2000ISBN:0-13-026036-3,816pagesIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming2IT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming3ReviewNewtoPython?Thisisthedeveloper'sguidetoPythondevelopment!LearnthecorefeaturesofPythonaswellasadvancedtopicssuchasregularexpressions,multithreadedprogramming,Web/Internetandnetworkdevelopment,GUIdevelopmentwithTk(inter)andmoreAlsoincludesfeaturesfoundinthenewPython1.6and2.0releasesCD-ROM:CompletePythondistributions(sourcecode,documentation,andvariousbinaries)plusallexamplescriptsinthebookPythonisanInternetandsystemsprogramminglanguagethatissoaringinpopularityintoday'sfast-pacedsoftwaredevelopmentenvironment,andnowonder:it'ssimple(yetrobust),object-oriented(yetcanbeusedasaprocedurallanguage),extensible,scalableandfeaturesaneasytolearnsyntaxthatisclearandconcise.PythoncombinesthepowerofacompiledobjectlanguagelikeJavaandC withtheeaseofuseandrapiddevelopmenttimeofascriptinglanguage.Infact,itssyntaxissoeasytounderstandthatyouaremorelikelytopickitupfasterthananyoftheotherpopularscriptinglanguagesinusetoday!InCorePythonProgramming,InternetsoftwareengineerandtechnicaltrainerWesleyChunprovidesintermediateandexperienceddevelopersalltheyneedtoknowtolearnPython-fast.LikeallCoreSeriesbooks,CorePythonProgrammingdelivershundredsofindustrial-strengthcodesnippetsandexamples,alltargetedatprofessionaldeveloperswhowanttoleveragetheirexistingskills!Inparticular,CorePythonProgrammingpresentsnumerousinteractiveexamplesthatcanbeenteredintothePythoninterpreterrightinfrontofyou!Finally,wepresentachapterthatshowsyoustep-by-stephowtoextendPythonusingCorC .PythonsyntaxandstyleDevelopmentandRun-timeEnvironmentsObjectsandPythonmemorymanagementStandarddatatypes,methods,andoperatorsLoopsandconditionalsIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming4FilesandInput/OutputExceptionsanderrorhandlingFunctions,scope,arguments,andfunctionalprogrammingImportingmodulesandmoduleattributesObject-orientedProgrammingwithclasses,methods,andinstancesCallableObjectsExtendingPythonCoverageofthePythonstandardmodulelibraryandclient-serverapplicationdevelopmentincludescomprehensiveintroductionstothefollowingtopicsinPythonprogramming:RegularexpressionsTCP/IPandUDP/IPNetworkprogrammingusingsocketsOperatingsysteminterfaceGUIdevelopmentwithTkusingTkinterMultithreadedprogrammingInteractiveWeb/CGI/InternetapplicationsExecutingcodeinarestrictedenvironmentInheritance,typeemulation,operatoroverloading,anddelegationinanOOPenvironmentFinally,weprovideanintroductiontothenewfeaturesintroducedinPython1.6.TheseincludeUnicodestringsupport,thenewfunctioninvocationsyntaxwhichletsthecallerprovideatupleofpositionalargumentsand/oradictionaryofkeywordarguments,andthenewstringmethods.Wealsoprovideaglimpseintofeaturesthatwillonlybefoundinthenewer2.0release.EveryCoreSeriesbook:DEMONSTRATEShowtowritecommercial-qualitycodeFEATURESdozensofprogramsandexamples!FOCUSESonthefeaturesandfunctionsmostimportanttorealdevelopersPROVIDESobjective,unbiasedcoverageofcutting-edgetechnologies-noIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming5hype!CorePythonProgrammingdelivers:CoverageofthecorepartsofthePythonlanguageReal-worldinsightsfordevelopingWeb/Internet,network,multithreadedandGUIapplicationsTablesandchartsdetailingPythonmodules,built-infunctions,operators,andattributesCodesnippetstotrylivewithPython'sinteractiveinterpreter,hammeringtheconceptshomeExtensivecodeexamples-includingseveralcompletesampleapplicationsCD-ROMincludescompletePythonsourcecodeanddocumentationdistributionsforUnix/LinuxalongwithbinariesforWindowsandMacintoshplatformsplussourcecodeforallexamplesinthebook.IT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming6LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDateChun,WesleyCorepython/Wesley.Chun.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN0-13-026036-31.Python(Computerprogramlanguage)I.TitleQA76.73.P98C482000005.13'3–dc2100-047856IT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming7CopyrightInformation2001PrenticeHallPTRPrentice-Hall,IncUpperSaddleRiver,NJ07458Thepublisheroffersdiscountsonthisbookwhenorderedinbulkquantities.Formoreinformation,contactCorporateSalesDepartment,PrenticeHallPTROneLakeStreetUpperSaddleRiver,NJ07458Phone:800-382-3419;FAX:201-236-7141E-mail(Internet):corpsalesprenhall.comAllproductsorservicesmentionedhereinarethetrademarksorservicemarksoftheirrespectivecompaniesororganizations.Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproduced,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisherPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica10987654321Prentice-HallInternational(UK)Limited,LondonPrentice-HallofAustraliaPty.Limited,SydneyPrentice-HallCanadaInc.,TorontoPrentice-HallHispanoamericana,S.A.,MexicoPrentice-HallofIndiaPrivateLimited,NewDelhiPrentice-HallofJapan,Inc.,TokyoPearsonEducationP.T.E.,Ltd.Tomyparents,whotaughtmethateverybodyisdifferent.IT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming8Andtomywife,wholiveswithsomeonewhoisdifferent.IT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming9TableofContentsWelcometoPython!Style:Technical,YetEasyReadingAuthor'sExperiencewithPythonBookContentsPartI:CorePythonChapter1WelcometoPython!Chapter2GettingStartedChapter3SyntaxandStyleChapter4PythonObjectsChapter5NumbersChapter6Sequences:Strings,Lists,andTuplesChapter7DictionariesChapter8ConditionalsandLoopsChapter9FilesandInput/OutputChapter10ErrorsandExceptionsChapter11FunctionsChapter12ModulesChapter13ClassesandOOPChapter14ExecutionEnvironmentPartII:AdvancedTopicsChapter15RegularExpressionsChapter16NetworkProgrammingwithSocketsChapter17MultithreadedProgrammingChapter18GUIProgrammingwithTkinterChapter19WebProgrammingChapter20ExtendingPythonOptionalSectionsConventionsBookSupportAcknowledgementsI:COREPYTHON1.WelcometoPython!WhatIsPython?HistoryofPythonFeaturesofPythonObtainingPythonObtainingPythonInstallingPythonRunningPythonPythonDocumentationComparingPythonJPythonandSomeNomenclatureExercises2.GettingStartedProgramOutput,theprintStatement,and"HelloWorld!"ProgramInputandtherawinput()Built-inFunctionIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming10CommentsOperatorsVariablesandAssignmentNumbersStringsListsandTuplesDictionariesCodeBlocksUseIndentationifStatementwhileLoopforLoopandtherange()Built-inFunctionFilesandtheopen()Built-inFunctionErrorsandExceptionsFunctionsClassesModulesExercises3.SyntaxandStyleStatementsandSyntaxVariableAssignmentIdentifiersBasicStyleGuidelinesMemoryManagementFirstPythonApplicationExercises4.PythonObjectsPythonObjectsStandardTypesOtherBuilt-inTypesInternalTypesStandardTypeOperatorsStandardTypeBuilt-inFunctionsCategorizingtheStandardTypesUnsupportedTypesExercises5.NumbersIntroductiontoNumbersIntegersFloatingPointRealNumbersComplexNumbersOperatorsBuilt-inFunctionsRelatedModulesExercises6.Sequences:Strings,Lists,andTuplesSequencesStringsStringsandOperatorsString-onlyOperatorsIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming11Built-inFunctionsStringBuilt-inMethodsSpecialFeaturesofStringsRelatedModulesSummaryofStringHighlightsListsOperatorsBuilt-inFunctionsListTypeBuilt-inMethodsSpecialFeaturesofListsTuplesTupleOperatorsandBuilt-inFunctionsSpecialFeaturesofTuplesRelatedModules*ShallowandDeepCopiesExercises7.DictionariesIntroductiontoDictionariesOperatorsBuilt-inFunctionsBuilt-inMethodsDictionaryKeysExercises8.ConditionalsandLoopsifstatementelseStatementelif(a.k.a.else-if)StatementwhileStatementforStatementbreakStatementcontinueStatementpassStatementelseStatementTakeTwoExercises9.FilesandInput/OutputFileObjectsFileBuilt-inFunction[open()]FileBuilt-inMethodsFileBuilt-inAttributesStandardFilesCommand-lineArgumentsFileSystemFileExecutionPersistentStorageModulesRelatedModulesExercises10.ErrorsAndExceptionsWhatAreExceptions?ExceptionsinPythonIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming12DetectingandHandlingExceptions*ExceptionsasStrings*ExceptionsasClassesRaisingExceptionsAssertionsStandardExceptions*CreatingExceptionsWhyExceptions(Now)?WhyExceptionsatAll?ExceptionsandthesysModuleRelatedModulesExercises11.FunctionsWhatAreFunctions?CallingFunctionsCreatingFunctionsPassingFunctionsFormalArgumentsPositionalArgumentsDefaultArgumentsWhyDefaultArguments?DefaultFunctionObjectArgumentExampleVariable-lengthArgumentsNon-keywordVariableArguments(Tuple)KeywordVariableArguments(Dictionary)CallingFunctionswithVariableArgumentObjectsFunctionalProgrammingAnonymousFunctionsandlambdaBuilt-inFunctions:apply(),filter(),map(),reduce()*apply()Lines1-4Lines6-7Lines9-28Lines30-41filter()map()reduce()VariableScope*RecursionExercises12.ModulesWhatareModules?ModulesandFilesNamespacesImportingModulesImportingModuleAttributesModuleBuilt-inFunctionsPackagesOtherFeaturesofModulesExercisesIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming1313.ClassesandOOPIntroductionObject-orientedProgrammingClassesClassAttributesInstancesInstanceAttributesBindingandMethodInvocationCompositionSubclassingandDerivationInheritanceBuilt-inFunctionsforClasses,Instances,andOtherObjectsTypevs.Classes/InstancesCustomizingClasseswithSpecialMethodsPrivacyDelegationRelatedModulesandDocumentationExercises14.ExecutionEnvironmentCallableObjectsCodeObjectsExecutableObjectStatementsandBuilt-inFunctionsExecutingOther(Python)ProgramsExecutingOther(Non-Python)ProgramsRestrictedExecutionTerminatingExecutionRelatedModulesExercisesII:AdvancedTopics15.RegularExpressionsIntroduction/MotivationSpecialSymbolsandCharactersforREsREsandPythonRegularExpressionAdventuresExercises16.NetworkProgrammingIntroductionSockets:CommunicationEndpointsNetworkProgramminginPythonRelatedModulesExercises17.MultithreadedProgrammingIntroduction/MotivationThreadsandProcessesThreadsandPythonthreadModulethreadingModuleExercisesIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming1418.GUIProgrammingwithTkinterIntroductionTkinterandPythonProgrammingTkinterExamplesRelatedModulesandOtherGUIsExercises19.WebProgrammingIntroductionWebSurfingwithPython:CreatingSimpleWebClientsAdvancedWebClientsCGI:HelpingWebServersProcessClientDataBuildingCGIApplicationAdvancedCGIWeb(HTTP)ServersRelatedModulesExercises20.ExtendingPythonIntroduction/MotivationRelatedTopicsExercisesA.AnswerstoSelectedExercisesB.OtherReadingandReferencesOtherPrintedReferencesOnlineReferencesC.PythonOperatorSummaryD.What'sNewinPython2.0?IT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming15WelcometoPython!WelcometothewonderfulworldofPython!Asaprofessionalorstudentwithworkingknowledgeofanotherhigh-levelprogramminglanguage,thistextwasmadeforyouinyoureffortstojumpstraightintoPythonwithaslittleoverheadaspossible.ThegoalofthisbookistoprovidetextthatflowsinaconversationalstylelitteredwithexamplestohighlightyourpathtowardsPythonprogramming.Atthetimeofpublication,Python2.0wasjustreleased,soyouwilldefinitelyhavethelatestandgreatest.ThesupplementaryCD-ROMhasthethreemostrecentversionsofPython:1.5.2,1.6,and2.0,nottomentionthemostrecentreleaseoftheJavaversionofthePythoninterpreter,JPython(a.k.a.Jython).Style:Technical,YetEasyReadingRatherthanstrictlya"beginners'"bookorapure,hard-corecomputersciencereferencebook,myinstructionalexperienceindicatesthataneasy-to-read,yettechnically-orientedbookservesourpurposethebest,andthatistogetyouup-to-speedonPythonasquicklyaspossible,sothatyoucanapplyittoyourtasksposthaste.Wewillintroduceconceptscoupledwithappropriateexamplestoexpeditethelearningprocess.Attheendofeachchapteryouwillfindnumerousexercisestoreinforcesomeoftheconceptsandideasacquiredinyourreading.AftertheobligatoryintroductiontoPython,butbeforeheadingtothecoreofthelanguage,wetakea"quickplunge"intoPythonwiththe"GettingStarted"chapter.TheintentionofthischapterisforthosewhowishtotemporarilydispenseofformalreadingandgettheirhandsdirtywithPythonimmediately.Ifyoudonotwishtotravelthispath,youmayproceedasnormaltothenextsetofchapters,anintroductiontoPythonobjects.Python'sprimitivedatatypes,numbers,strings,lists,tuples,anddictionariesmakeupthenextthreechapters.Python'serror-handlingcapabilityisextremelyusefultoboththeprogrammerandtheuser,andweaddressthattopicinaseparatechapter.Finally,thelargestpartsofthePython"core"wecoverwillbefunctions,modules,andclasseseachinitsownchapter.ThefinalchapterofthetextprovidesinsightonhowPythonmaybeextended.Thelastsectionofthebookisamini-referenceguideintheappendix.Therewespillthebeansonthecoremodulesofthestandardlibrary,highlighttheoperatorsandbuilt-inoperatorsandfunctionsforthePythontypes,providesolutionstoselectedexercises,andconcludewithasmallglossaryofterms.Author'sExperiencewithPythonIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming16IdiscoveredPythonseveralyearsagoatacompanycalledFour11.Atthetime,thecompanyhadonemajorproduct,theFour11.comWhitePagedirectoryservice.PythonwasbeingusedtodesigntheRocketmailweb-basedemailservicethatwouldeventuallyonedayevolveintowhatisYahoo!Mailtoday.InadditiontotheuseofC ,muchofthecontrollingsoftwareandwebfront-endweredonecompletelyinPython.IparticipatedinworkdoneontheYahoo!Mailaddressbookandspellchecker.Sincethen,Python'sappearancehasspreadtootherYahoo!sites,includingPeopleSearch,YellowPages,andMapsandDrivingDirections,justtonameafew.AlthoughPythonwasnewtomeatthetime,itwasfairlyeasytopickup;muchsimplerthanotherlanguagesthatIhavelearnedinthepast.ThescarcityofthenumberoftextbooksatthetimeledmetoprimarilyusetheLibraryReferenceandQuickReferenceGuideasmytoolsinlearning,andalsoledtothemotivationofthebookyouarereadingrightnow.BookContentsThisbookisdividedintotwomainsections.Thefirstpart,takingupabouttwo-thirdsofthetext,givesyoutreatmentofthe"core"partofthelanguage,andthesecondpartprovidesasetofvariousadvancedtopicstoshowwhatyoucanbuildusingPython.PythoniseverywheresometimesitisamazingtodiscoverwhoisusingPythonandwhattheyaredoingwithitandalthoughwewouldhavelovedtoproduceadditionalchaptersonsuchtopicsasDatabases(RDBMSs,SQL,etc.),CGIProcessingwithHTMLgen,XML,Numerical/ScientificProcessing,VisualandGraphicsImageManipulation,andZope,theresimplywasn'tenoughtimetodevelopthesetopicsintotheirownchapters.However,wearecertainlygladthatwewereatleastabletoprovideyouwithagoodintroductiontomanyofthekeyareasofPythondevelopment.Hereisachapter-by-chapterguide:PartI:CorePythonChapter1WelcometoPython!WebeginbyintroducingPythontoyou,itshistory,features,benefits,etc.,aswellashowtoobtainandinstallPythononyoursystem.Chapter2GettingStartedIfyouareanexperiencedprogrammerandjustwanttosee"howit'sdone"inPython,thisistherightplacetogo.WeintroducethebasicPythonconceptsandstatements,andbecausemanyofthesewouldbefamiliartoyou,youwouldsimplylearntheproperIT-SCbook:CorePythonProgramming17syntaxinPythonandcangetstartedrightawayonyourprojectswithoutsacrificingtoomuchreadingtime.Chapter3SyntaxandStyleThissectiongivesyouagoodoverviewofPython'ssyntaxaswellasstylehints.YouwillalsobeexposedtoPython'skeywordsanditsmemorymanagementability.YourfirstPythonapplicationwillbepresentedattheendofthechaptertogiveyouanideaofwhatrealPythoncodelookslike.Chapter4PythonObjectsThischapterintroducesPythonobjects.Inadditiontogenericobjectattributes,wewillshowyouallofPython'sdatatypesandoperators,aswellasshowyoudifferentwaystocategorizethestandardtypes.Built-infunctionsthatapplytomostPythonobjectswillalsobecovered.Chapter5NumbersPythonhasfournumerictypes:regularor"plain"integers,longintegers,floatingpointrealnumbers,andcomplexnumbers.Youwilllearnaboutallfourhere,aswellastheoperatorsandbuilt-infunctionsthatapplytonumbers.Chapter6Sequences:Strings,Lists,andTuplesYourfirstmeatychapterwillexposeyoutoallofPython'spowerfulsequencetypes:strings,lists,andtuples.Wewillshowyouallthebuilt-infunctions,methods,andspecialfeatures,whichapplytoeachtypeaswellasalltheiroperators.Chapter7DictionariesDictionariesarePython'smappingorhashingtype.Likeotherdatatypes,dictionariesalsohaveoperatorsandapplicablebuilt-infunctionsandmethods.Chapter8ConditionalsandLoopsLikemanyotherhigh-levellanguages,Pythonsupportsloopssuchasforandwhile,aswellasifstatements(andrelated).Pythonalsohasabuilt-infunctioncalledrange()whichenablesPython'sforlooptobehavemorelikeatraditionalcountingloopratherthan,,,,,,02119,,,,,,49,,,,,,/,,,,,,,,,19101399.pdf,,,371,,,11.1MB,,,Python,,,,,,,,,1[],,,Core,,,Python,,,Programming.pdf,,,494,,,7.9MB,,,python,,,[],,,Core,,,Python,,,Programming.pdf,,,125,,,7.8MB,,,Python[],,,Core,,,Python,,,Programming.pdf,,,258,,,7.9MB,,,Core,,,Python,,,Programming[],,,Core,,,Python,,,Programming.pdf,,,169,,,7.8MB,,,python[],,,Core,,,Python,,,Programming.pdf,,,2,,,6.3MB,,,[],,,CorePYTHONApplicationsprogramming.pdf,,,7,,,9.3MB,,,python[],,,CorePythonProgramming1stEd.pdf,,,105,,,5.4MB,,,Python,,,Programming,,,Tutorial[],,,Core Python Programming.2nd.pdf,,,103,,,4.2MB,,,[],,,Pretence,,,hall,,,-Core,,,python,,,programming.pdf,,,227,,,5.5MB,,,python,,,guide,,,books,,,list[],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,ERP,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(1).docx,,,(1).docx,,,Fanny(1).docx,,,(1).docx,,,(1).docx,,,,.docx,,,(1).docx,,,lifengxian1485(1).docx,,,(1).docx,,,(1).docx,,,Clare80(1).docx,,,(1).docx,,,(1).docx,,,Vanessa(1).docx,,,(1).docx,,,.docx,,,,,,0/200,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pdf,,,ExtJS2.pdf,,,.pdf,,,Think,,,in,,,Java,,,,,,.pdf,,, ,,, ,,,.pdf,,,Access2010,,,10.pdf,,,Groovy,,,in,,,Action,,,Linux,,,,,,,,,Petri.pdf,,,.pdf,,,Backbonejs.p,,,.pdf,,,OReilly[1].Natur,,,(C),,,.pdf,,,Software,,,Require,,,PMBOK,,,().p,,,linker and loade,,,Operating,,,System,,,(2).,,,The,,,,content,,,,of,,,,this,,,,book,,,,is,,,,very,,,,much,,,,of,,,,a,,,,community,,,,effort,,,,(just,,,,like,,,,Python)!,,,,I,,,,welcome,,,,all,,,,comments,,,,,suggestions,,,,,corrections,,,,,feedback,,,,,etc.,,,,,as,,,,well,,,,as,,,,what,,,,new,,,,chapters,,,,to,,,,add,,,,to,,,,future,,,,editions.,,,,Python's,,,,"New",,,,Division:,,,,Python,,,,2,,,,vs.,,,,I,,think,,this,,is,,the,,best,,book,,currently,,available,,for,,learning,,Python.,,The,,advanced,,topics,,chapters,,are,,meant,,as,,intros,,or,,"quick,,dives",,into,,a,,variety,,of,,distinct,,subjects.,,

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